US · ING
ING Groep N.V.
- Sector
- Financial Services · Banks - Diversified
- Headquarters
- Amsterdam 1102 CT
- Website
- ing.com
Price · as of 2025-12-31
$28.55
Market cap 83.22B
Valuation summary
Four models, one snapshot. Upside is target ÷ current − 1.
| Valuation method | Value, $ | Upside, % |
|---|---|---|
| Artificial Intelligence(AI) | $71.90 | +151.84% |
| Intrinsic Value(DCF) | $19.52 | -31.63% |
| Graham-Dodd Method(GD) | $31.90 | +11.73% |
| Graham Formula(GF) | — | — |
Valuation history
Annual price (USD per share) overlaid with each model's fair value. Y-axis is log scale.
| Year | Price | AI | DCF | Graham-Dodd | Graham Formula |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2011 | $4.92 | $49.16 | $0.00 | $19.90 | $0.00 |
| 2012 | $4.75 | $50.21 | $3.71 | $20.60 | $0.00 |
| 2013 | $8.01 | $32.63 | $0.00 | $18.00 | $0.00 |
| 2014 | $8.02 | $48.66 | $3.27 | $16.90 | $0.60 |
| 2015 | $7.59 | $49.48 | $7.50 | $14.00 | $7.80 |
| 2016 | $9.51 | $39.77 | $7.58 | $10.40 | $6.60 |
| 2017 | $11.29 | $39.04 | $9.56 | $10.70 | $10.90 |
| 2018 | $7.88 | $43.93 | $10.48 | $10.20 | $0.00 |
| 2019 | $6.05 | $44.72 | $12.87 | $11.00 | $12.20 |
| 2020 | $8.72 | $69.87 | $13.28 | $20.00 | $0.00 |
| 2021 | $7.05 | $36.60 | $13.75 | $12.50 | $5.90 |
| 2022 | $10.78 | $35.05 | $12.75 | $6.90 | $44.20 |
| 2023 | $12.98 | $60.38 | $2,051.78 | $14.00 | $191.30 |
| 2024 | $19.90 | $35.61 | $2,523.91 | $8.70 | $48.20 |
| 2025 | $28.06 | $61.44 | $13.83 | $31.90 | $0.00 |
AI valuation
Our deep-learning model estimates ING Groep N.V.'s (ING) per-share fair value from quarterly fundamentals, sector trend, and historical valuation patterns.
- AI fair value
- $71.90
- Current price
- $28.55
- AI upside
- +151.84%
Methodology and confidence bands appear in the dedicated valuation theory section. The AI score is an estimate, not a recommendation.
Intrinsic value (DCF)
Open DCF calculatorThree textbook valuation models, recomputed daily from the latest financial statements. The DCF uses our Chepakovich model. Graham-Dodd and Graham Formula are conservative reference points.
DCF
$19.52
-31.63% upside
Graham-Dodd
$31.90
+11.73% upside
Graham Formula
—
— upside
Peer comparison
Same-industry comparables, ranked by market cap.
| Basic Info | Model Valuation | Core Valuation | Profitability | Leverage & Liquidity | Growth | Cash Flow | Dividends | Enterprise Value | Risk | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ticker | Company Name | Price | Market Cap | AI Upside | DCF Upside | GD Upside | GF Upside | P/E | P/B | P/S | EV/EBITDA | PEG | P/TBV | Gross Margin | Operating Margin | Net Margin | ROE | ROIC | ROA | Debt/Equity | Interest Coverage | Current Ratio | Quick Ratio | Net Debt/EBITDA | EPS Growth | Sales Growth | FCF Growth | FCF Yield | Op Cash Flow Ratio | Cash ROIC | Dividend Yield | Dividend Payout | Shareholder Yield | EV/EBIT | EV/FCF | EV/Sales | Altman Z-Score |
| ING | ING Groep N.V. | $28.55 | 83.22B | +115% | -32% | +12% | — | 11.31 | 1.44 | 3.11 | 14.71 | 39.70 | 1.48 | 94.34% | 39.71% | 27.47% | 12.65% | 6.01% | 0.61% | 3.41 | — | 0.13 | 0.13 | 12.73 | 2848.00% | -6531.00% | -10000.00% | 0.00% | 0.00 | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 14.71 | — | 5.84 | -0.72 |
| BCS | Barclays PLC | $24.28 | 84.05B | +59% | -29% | +19% | — | 8.71 | 0.80 | 2.33 | -16.00 | 43.53 | 0.90 | 108.66% | 37.28% | 26.74% | 9.59% | -3.84% | 0.47% | 2.20 | 0.47 | 0.58 | 0.58 | -5.41 | 2000.00% | -4805.00% | -24569.00% | -12.93% | -0.01 | 3.93% | 3.54% | 30.80% | 68.70% | -17.44 | 21.61 | -6.50 | -0.11 |
| BMO | Bank of Montreal | $143.93 | 102.03B | +100% | -42% | -73% | -55% | 15.33 | 1.52 | 1.71 | 32.39 | 75.53 | 2.01 | 41.56% | 14.78% | 11.14% | 10.13% | 2.35% | 0.60% | 4.72 | 0.27 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 25.12 | 2029.00% | -52.00% | -6901.00% | 6.36% | 0.01 | 2.29% | 3.76% | 57.70% | 6.30% | 38.51 | 52.26 | 5.69 | -0.60 |
| BNS | The Bank of Nova Scotia | $75.75 | 94.39B | +216% | +13% | -78% | +787% | 16.20 | 1.45 | 1.72 | 43.06 | — | 1.78 | 44.25% | 14.36% | 10.64% | 9.17% | 2.05% | 0.54% | 5.80 | 0.29 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 36.16 | -290.00% | 14820.00% | -6663.00% | 4.03% | 0.01 | 1.34% | 4.68% | 75.70% | 5.39% | 49.63 | 103.08 | 7.13 | -0.59 |
| CM | Canadian Imperial Bank of… | $100.96 | 94.12B | +88% | -45% | -69% | -68% | 14.03 | 1.85 | 1.91 | 31.49 | 79.17 | 2.13 | 43.02% | 17.64% | 13.59% | 13.76% | 2.77% | 0.78% | 5.55 | 0.33 | 0.13 | 0.13 | 24.76 | 1772.00% | -314.00% | -34456.00% | -20.62% | -0.03 | -8.00% | 3.37% | 47.20% | 5.96% | 34.89 | -15.61 | 6.15 | -0.59 |
| ITUB | Itaú Unibanco Holding S.A… | $9.05 | 99.79B | +131% | +61% | — | +112% | 11.94 | 2.57 | 1.37 | 26.68 | 300.88 | 2.91 | 34.49% | 13.07% | 11.66% | 21.17% | 5.41% | 1.48% | 4.95 | 0.23 | 0.77 | 0.00 | 17.57 | 397.00% | 1803.00% | -23064.00% | 24.42% | 0.14 | 15.12% | 9.02% | 107.70% | 9.59% | 30.60 | 11.99 | 4.00 | 0.20 |
| NU | Nu Holdings Ltd. | $14.98 | 72.38B | +125% | +3,767% | -65% | +95% | 25.59 | 6.50 | 4.62 | 24.39 | 56.86 | 7.14 | 44.85% | 24.36% | 18.07% | 30.30% | 28.60% | 4.59% | 3.34 | 0.84 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 6.81 | 4500.00% | 4299.00% | 28226.00% | 11.58% | 0.24 | 84.64% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 25.03 | 11.39 | 6.10 | 0.85 |
| PNC | The PNC Financial Service… | $212.35 | 85.66B | +10% | -32% | -52% | -88% | 12.25 | 1.39 | 2.69 | 11.87 | 59.04 | 1.84 | 71.66% | 27.08% | 22.13% | 11.99% | 10.11% | 1.22% | 0.94 | 0.78 | 0.81 | 0.80 | 5.87 | 2074.00% | -698.00% | 1995.00% | 11.20% | 0.02 | 13.66% | 3.49% | 42.70% | 5.07% | 12.00 | 10.77 | 3.25 | 0.17 |
| SMFG | Sumitomo Mitsui Financial… | $22.44 | 85.9B | -22% | -73% | +8% | +61% | 7.51 | 0.60 | 0.92 | -18.49 | 28.76 | 0.65 | 48.90% | 17.60% | 12.20% | 8.02% | -2.38% | 0.39% | 3.96 | 0.37 | 0.45 | 0.45 | -8.73 | 2613.00% | 1016.00% | 173379.00% | 52.01% | 0.02 | -9.22% | 4.66% | 35.00% | 7.50% | -21.54 | -7.96 | -3.79 | -0.39 |
| USB | U.S. Bancorp | $54.66 | 85B | +4% | -5% | +6% | -24% | 11.22 | 1.30 | 1.98 | 11.27 | 51.87 | 1.78 | 62.83% | 22.20% | 17.68% | 12.23% | 17.78% | 1.10% | 1.20 | 0.66 | 2.73 | 2.73 | 3.02 | 2164.00% | 35.00% | -10000.00% | 0.00% | 0.00 | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 12.19 | — | 2.71 | 0.40 |
| WFC | Wells Fargo & Company | $81.44 | 255.63B | -20% | -23% | -36% | -44% | 12.29 | 1.45 | 2.13 | 6.91 | 69.48 | 1.68 | 64.80% | 20.40% | 17.27% | 11.86% | 19.51% | 1.05% | 1.07 | 0.63 | 13.79 | 13.79 | 5.24 | 1769.00% | -149.00% | -72606.00% | -7.24% | -1.04 | -17.36% | 2.47% | 30.40% | 9.90% | 8.05 | -10.67 | 1.64 | 0.46 |
About ING Groep N.V.
ING Groep N.V., a financial institution, provides various banking products and services in the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, Poland, Rest of Europe, North America, Latin America, Asia, and Australia. It operates in six segments: Retail Netherlands, Retail Belgium, Retail Germany, Retail Other, Wholesale Banking, and Corporate Line Banking. The company accepts various deposits, such as current and savings accounts; and offers business lending products, as well as consumer lending products, such as residential mortgage loans, term loans, and revolver and personal loans. It also provides debt capital market, working capital, export finance, daily banking, treasury and risk, and corporate finance solutions; and specialized lending, equity market, finance, payments and cash management, and trade services and solutions, as well as savings, investment, insurance, mortgage, and digital banking services. The company serves customers, corporate clients, and financial institutions, including small and medium-sized, and mid-corporates. ING Groep N.V. was founded in 1762 and is headquartered in Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- CEO
- Steven J. A. van Rijswijk
- Employees
- 60K
- Beta
- 0.89
Disclaimer: Information on this page is provided for educational purposes only and does not constitute investment advice. Upside computed as ($19.52 ÷ $28.55) − 1 = -31.63% (DCF, example).